Rock cutting and drilling machine



UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

WILLIAM PLUMER, OF BOSTON, MASSAQ-HUSETTS.

ROCK CUTTING AND DRILIIING MACHINE.

Specification forming' part of Letters Patent No. 18,352, dated October6, 1857; Reissued April 13, 1869, Nos. 3,368 and 3,369.

To aZZ lwhom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM PLUMER, of Boston, in the county of Suolkand State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Machines for Cutting and Drilling Rocks, Minerals, &c.,and that the following description, taken in connection with theaccompanying plate of drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a fulland exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the natureand principles of my said improvements, by which my invention may bedistinguished from others of a similar class, together with such partsas I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

The figures of the accompanying plates of drawings represent myimprovements.

In Plate 1, Figure 1, is a side elevation of my improved machine. Fig. 2is a horizontal section taken in the plane of the lines A B, Fig. 1. InPlate 2, Fig. 3, is a plan or top view. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail viewsto be hereinafter referred to.

The present invention consists in a new arrangement of devices forcutting and drilling stone, copper, &c., and more particularly forcutting out pillars and blocks of stone, marble, &c., the cutter beingoperated in such a manner as to work out a circular pillar of anydiameter, and also to cut out a square or rectangular, or irregularshaped block, by working on all sides of the same. In the drilling`machines that have previously been invented, the drill could not be fedin the required 'directions for cutting out a block or for followingseams, but in the present machine the cutter will operate and be fedalong as well horizontally at right angles to the cut, as in every otherdirection.

a a a in the drawings represents the outer frame in which the cuttingtool is supported. This frame turns upon bearings c c, in the standardsb b in such a manner that the angle of the cuttingtool can be varied atpleasure, by means of the diagonal braces cZ, CZ as will be readilyunderstood. The frame c a a is fed up and down by means of theV feedingscrews c, c. The cutting tool f f is attached to a rectangular frame g gcarrying a piston Z1, that works in an air cylinder z' z'. Therectangular frame g g is actuated by a cam 7c, that receives motion fromthe driving shaft Z Z, through the bevel gears m, m, &c. Then the pistonis drawn up by the cam 7c, a vacuum is produced between it and t-he headof the air cylinder, so that when the cam is relieved from the end bar4of the frame g g, the blow will be given to the cutter f f by the forceof the air acting upon the piston. The cutter f f is fed for ward as thedrilling progresses by means of a feeding screw ln, which carries aninner sliding plate 0 0 that moves upon the frame a a a, and carries thewhole drilling apparatus with it either forward or back.

I will next proceed to describe the manner in which the cutting tool isfed along horizontally and made to operate in a direction at rightvangles to the cut, which feature is a very important one of myimprovements, as I am enabled thereby, in connection with the verticalfeeding motions hereinabove described, and usually employed in drillingmachines, to cut out the four sides of a block of stone or marble, andto follow the seams of the same; a result which has never before beenattained.

To the standards 5 b before referred to, is attac-hed a horizontal plateo2 02 that turns upon a center at p, and rests upon a base or plate Q qattached to a frame r r that is fed forward or back upon a track s s aswill be hereinafter explained. The horizontal plate 02 02 sustains thestandards Z) b, and consequently the whole cutting apparatus, which canthus be revolved upon the bearing 70 as a center and thereby turn thedrill or cutter j f in a direction at right angles to the track. Thenthe track itself and the whole machine is turned at right angles to itsformer position, so as to bring it parallel to the face of the stone tobe cut, either by turning upon a circular track or by any otherdesirable means of effecting this object. The turning plate 02 02 isheld in any desired position by screw bolts t, t, &c., that fasten it tothe base plate g g.

The frame r 1" is fed along upon the track s s, so as to feed the cutterhorizontally at right angles to the cut as follows: To the driving shaftZ Z is attached on eccentric t', Fig. 4, which gives motion to the armu, which is secured to the upper end of the slotted quadrant shapedplate fu, Fig. 4, that turns upon a bearing at fw. To the lower end ofthe quadrant plate o is attached a vertical roda1 which receives an upand down motion and actuates the right angular lever 1/ y, Fig. 1, thatturns upon a fulcrum at c, one end of which lever is connected by apivot joint at a to a short horizontal arm D fastened to the flat arm ccZ, Fig. 5. rIhe circular end rZ of this arm turns upon the bearing p,before referred to as a center, and has a circular groove formed in itin which is inserted a screw bolt c2, Fig. 5, which binds the arm c Z toa similar arm c if having a circular groove or slot g The motioncommunicated to t-he arm c CZ will thus by reason of the two arms beingheld together by the screw bolt e, be imparted to the upper arm e f. Tothe arm e f is attached a connecting rod 7L, which gives a fo-rward andback motion to the horizontal arm i', that turns upon the short verticalshaft a, Fig. l, attached to the frame before referred to as a center,and carries a double pawl Z that engages with a ratchet wheel m madefast to the shaft 7c. The lower part of the shaft lo has on it a pinionm2 that travels in a geared rack n and thereby feeds the frame a r andconsequently the whole drilling apparatus along in a horizontaldirection and in the direction of the track s s. The slotted arms c Zand c f it will be observed, are so arranged and constructed as topermit the plate 02 o2 to be revolved, and thereby the whole cuttingapparatus turned at. right angles to the cut, as by loosening the screwbolt, the arm c f can travel freely over the arm c Z, by reason of thecircular slots in the said arms. By tightening the screw bolt when thecutting apparatus is set in the desired position, the arms e f and c Zare fastened together, whereby the lateral feeding movement iscommunicated to the whole cutting apparatus.

The drilling or cutting tool is fed backward over the track s s bysimply reversing the double pawl Z as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2.

The facility with which square blocks can be cut out will be apparent,as the side or vertical seams can be cut by feeding the cutter up ordown by means of the feeding screws c, c, and top and bottom seams bymeans of the lateral horizontal movement given to the cutter. f

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the desired resultof feeding the cutter horizontally in a direction at right angles to thecut, is obtained by the peculiar arrangement and construction of thefeeding apparatus, and the slotted arms for connecting and disconnectingthe same, by the use of which arms, the plate 02 02 that sustain thewhole machine can be freely turned into the desired position, and thelateral ference of a circle.

feeding movement after the said arms are connected, communicated to thecutting apparatus.

I will next proceed to describe the arrangement of devices by which I amenabled to cut out circular blocks pillars, &c., of marble or stone ofany diameter, it being just premised that the frame L a a, whichsustains the cutting apparatus is t-urned upon its bearings c c, so thatthe cutting tool shall .stand in a vertical position. Zhen the machineis thus employed for cutting columns, &c., the straight track s s isfirmly attached to a circular frame o o furnished with vgrooved wheels p79, Sec., that it over and travel upon a raised circular track g g', so'that the circular frame 0 0 and consequently the whole cuttingapparatus will turn from a center which is the center of the track Q g.After the cutting tool with 'its frame, &c., has been turned downwardinto a vertical position, the supporting frame r rois moved forward onits straight ,track .s s until the cutting tool f f stands at `therequired distance from the center of the track to describe a circle ofthe desired diaineter of the column. The cutting tool is then made totravel and cut around this circle as follows:

The vertical rod x hereinbefore referred to, is disconnected from theright angular lever y/ y and connected to a bent lever arm r r, Fig. 4L,which is connected by means of a pivot s passing through the slottedgroove of the same, to a rod t, Fig. l, the lower end of which isattached by a pivot n to a short arm u which turns upon the short shafto as a center and carries Aa pawl fw that engages with a ratchetwheel onthe shaft e and gives it an intermittent rotary motion. On the end ofthe short shaft e is a pinion a, shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, thatis thus made to travel around upon the circular geared rack y y', Fig.2, thereby causing the cutting tool to be fed as fast as the cuttingprogresses upon the circum- The diameter of the circle thus cut ofcourse can be varied at vpleasure by simply feeding the frame r r thatsustains and carries the whole cutting mechanism, either forward or backthe required distance, as the cutting tool will at whatever distancefrom the center it may be placed cut upon a circle of which the centerof the circular track is the center, and the distance between the saidcenter and the point of the cutter, the radius.

Having thus described my improvements, I shall state my claims asfollows:

What I claim as my invention, and desire to ha ve secured to me byLetters Patent isl. Feeding the cutter laterally in a direction at rightangles to the cut or nearly so `whether the cutting tool be situatedhorizontally, vertically, or at any angle by the herein described,whereby I am enabled to feed the cutter7 Working vertically, in acircular direction and set the cutter at any desired distance from thecenter upon which the machine turns, by which blocks or pillars of anydesired diameter can be cut out as set forth.

VILLIAM PLUMER.

Vitnesses:

EZRA LNCOLN, JOSEPH GAvET'r.

[FIRST PRINTED 1912.]

